The Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act - 760 Words

History was made as the President of the United States signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act into law on March 23, 2010. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) delivers access to quality, affordable health care to all Americans. The breakthrough legislation, passed in March of 2010, represents the most significant government expansion and regulatory overhaul of the country’s healthcare system since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965 (Dix, 2013). The PPACA promises to reduce health disparities, improve access to preventative services, improve health outcomes and reduce healthcare spending. As stated by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the PPACA will provide coverage to more than 94 percent of†¦show more content†¦This literature review will describe and discuss the challenges of accessing health care services and how primary care physicians are deeply impacted by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Access to Q uality and Affordable Health Care in America Presently, access to health care services in the United States is labeled substandard. As explained by the Department of Health and Human Services, access to comprehensive, quality health care services is important for the achievement of health equity and for increasing quality of a healthy life for all. In 2008, the Commonwealth Fund released â€Å"Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the U.S. Health Care†. In this report, they note, minority Americans are more likely to have problems accessing high-quality health care than whites. Considering the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention state that minorities comprise 36.3 percent of the nation’s population, having this much of the populace unhealthy has major implications. Consequentially, minorities are less likely to experience the health outcomes that lead to a better quality of life. Access to health services is key for prevention of disease and disability, detection and treatment of health disorders, improving the quality of life, and overall physical, social and mental health status. With the PPACA allowing unprecedented access to primary care

Abortion Essay - 1162 Words

Abortion has been one of the topics of hot debate for the last three decades in our nation. Since the Roe v/s Wade decision in 1973, some Americans feel the need to ponder whether aborting fetuses is a moral action. On the one hand, some people feel that abortion should be legal because a woman has a right to choose whether she wants to continue a pregnancy or not. Its her body. On the other hand, some feel that fetuses have no advocates and deserve a right to live, so it is immoral to abandon their rights and kill them. This issue is not only at the center of political debate, but philosophical debate as well. In this paper, I will examine and critique Mary Anne Warrens On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion, where she examines the†¦show more content†¦Even though Warren agrees with Thomson on some levels, she does mention one problem with this. A fetus comes into existence as a result of the womans actions; the violinist does not. This is when she breaks off from Thomso n and forms her own opinion: the need for the realization that a fetus is not a person (distinguishing between quot;humanquot; and quot;personquot;) and does not have a right to life. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Section II of Warrens article attempts to define what a quot;personquot; is, to follow through with her claim that a fetus may be a human, but is not a person, so therefore has no moral humanity. According to Warren, to be human deals with genetic humanity, the personhood deals with moral humanity (Warren, 319). She claims that if you are a person you have moral status and your rights should be respected, if you are not a person none of that applies to you. So all she has to do is prove that a fetus is not a person, and that will prove that abortion is moral. She gives five different characteristics that classify what a person is: (1) consciousness and the ability to feel pain, (2) reasoning and solving problems, (3) self-motivated activity, (4) communication with numerous possible content, (5) self-concept of individuality or racial ethnicity (Warren, 320). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;If one refers to the five standards ofShow MoreRelatedAbortion : Abortion And Abortion998 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion Abortion is defined in several ways all of which stop a pregnancy. There are different ways of abortion, which are spontaneous abortion, surgical abortion, and medical abortion. Abortion has been arguable topic for decades. One can neither believe abortion to be good nor bad. The idea of individuality and human life is not quite the same. Idea of human life has come from conception; simultaneously on the other hand, fertilizer eggs used for in vitro fertilization are also human lives butRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Abortion Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesPaper: Abortion Laws The topic of abortion is a widely debated and very heated topic in Texas. The Republican party’s platform supports family values and are completely against abortion under any circumstances, including abortifacients. The Democrat party’s platform supports the rights for women to make choices about their own bodies. They support abortifacients and a person’s right to have an abortion. There is also a large percentage of those that are in the middle in that they believe abortion shouldRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion998 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States there are more than a billion abortions performed each year. Since the court case Roe vs Wade in 1973 more than 56 million babies have been murdered in the United States before they had the chance to take their first breath (Snyder, Michael). These statics along with many more show the huge injustice that is happening in the country I call home. Abortion is defined as the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy. It can include any of variousRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Anti Abortion1624 Words   |  7 Pagesa very large controversy between the ideas about abortion and anti-abortion. Different religious views, beliefs, peoples many different customs and even people of different cultures all have their own preferences and ideas on the take of this political issue. Views against abortion can lead to as much of an impact as a violent/non violent riots outside of an abortion clinics, to something as simple article in the newspaper. The belief on abortion that leads to a lot of the controversy is that inRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion Essay1656 Words   |  7 Pages An abortion is when the pregnancy of a women is ended; it is called sometimes Termination of pregnancy. There are two types of abortion. The first type is the spontaneous abortion; it occurs within the first two months. What causes it is frequently unknown yet is probably the results of intra-uterine contamination, or limited attachment in the building unborn child to the interior coating walls in the womb (uterus). Such conditions this unborn child, if the idea advances further, mayRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion953 Words   |  4 Pagesdebates that is constantly talked about is abortion. When it comes to abortion, the laws vary depending on the state you live in. Whether people support or are against abortion, few actually know about the abortion process. Have you ever heard of suction aspiration or prostaglandin chemical abortion? Those are two of the various methods that are performed in the different trimesters of pregnancy. According to writer Steven Ertelt of Li feNews.com, Oklahoma’s abortion laws are restrictive compared to otherRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Abortion1930 Words   |  8 PagesAbortion has been around for quite some time. Laws have been set allowing it and banning it during different periods of time. The procedures that can be done are all very different. There is a medical abortion involving drugs and there are surgical abortion involving a more invasive procedure. There are also different points of view on it. There are those who fully support the termination of a pregnancy and those who are completely against it. There are many factors to consider and very differentRead MoreAbortion And Abortion2038 Words   |  9 PagesMostly seen as a religious issue, abortions are anything but that. Biology and science are the only deciding factors when it comes down to it. Science is the only thing that can prove whether an unborn child is living; no religion can do that. Through modern science and technology, it has been proven and well documented that human life does in fact begin at conception. The scientific evidence also contradicted the court ruling in the Roe v. Wade case, where it was stated that the Court could notRead MoreAbortion : The Fight For Abortion1543 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough abortion was decriminalized in 1973, the fight for abortion rights did not end with Roe v. Wade. Just in the past three years, there have been systematic restrictions on abortion rights sweeping the country sate by state. In 2013, 22 states enacted 70 antiabortion measures, including pre-viability abortion bans, unnecessary doctor and clinic procedures, limits on medicated abortion, and bans on insurance coverage of abortion In 2011, 92 abortion restrictions were enacted, an in 2012, thatRead MoreAbortion : The Issue Of Abortion1212 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of abortion has been an ongoing debate for many years. According to ProChoice.org, abortion was legal in in the days of the early settlers . At the time that the constitution was adopted abortions were legal. Abortions were openly advertised and performed before the first fetal movement (13-16 weeks from the start of a women’s last period). The concern for abortion started in the late 1800’s when immigrants were coming into the country in large numbers and the fear was that they would produce

Business Models Innovation Landscape

Question: Discuss about the Business Models for Innovation Landscape. Answer: Introduction: For this report, start-up plan for a new restaurant has been taken up. The business method of the company is based on current day ecommerce. The start-up plan which is been planned for past few years is starting a restaurant based on theme. The restaurant will focus on innovative contemporary foods and will be one, which will be counted among the best dining choices. The business further planned to reach out various cities all over the country. Business Model: The business method would be very usual for a restaurant. Very soon, the restaurant will open their branches in the city of Sydney, Australia. The business method will concentrate on building a good brand value of the restaurant and then opening other branches to various cities of Australia. The companys focus would be to offer attractive and comfortable atmosphere, innovative preparation of foods and remarkable taste of service. Details of operation: The first outlet of the restaurant will start operating from 1st quarter of 2017. According to the plans the 2nd outlet will be opened in 6 months and then 3 in each year. The schedule of long-term business is a function for the type of cash that is generated from operations. If high amount of cash is generated from the initial segment of the business, it will be easier to expand the business. Various challenges that a restaurant business may face at the start-up: Starting a restaurant business may be a dream for various people. Autonomous owners of restaurant are able to design their restaurant based on their choice and preference, select the menu as per their wish while working in an industry they love. However, the independent restaurant business also comes with some limitations and problems that the owner has to face. These problems are: Financial problem: Most of the owners of restaurant cannot accurately estimate the initial capital they will be required to open and run the new restaurant. New proprietors are required huge amount of capital to pay for renting a building, hiring new waiter, decoration of restaurant and stocking the bar and kitchen areas (Prentice et al. 2014). Most of the new owners do not earn good amount of profit for months or even years after opening. The restaurant owners required sufficient capital to sustain in the business. Owners must plan to have sufficient capital to run for one year at least. In addition, they are required to have sufficient amount to manage with unpredicted increase and cost (Bor et al. 2013). Raising capital from investors: After developing the idea of opening a restaurant, the next big challenge for starting the business is raising capital. The owner is the only person who has the idea of the business to the core and the owner is the only person who can assess the future of the business. Convincing the investor is one of the biggest challenges the owner has to face. Trying to convince them and explaining them that they are also part of the task is not an easy job while building the first business (Yen et al. 2015). This is more than just asking for money as the owner must have the ability to sell his idea and and convince him about his vision to the potential investor. Most of the investors are willing to invest in established business with minimum risk and not in a new business, as they prefer to get regular return from their investment. To overcome the problem of raising capital, the owner must be able to explain his mission and vision in a well-shaped manner. it means the owner must improve his comm unication skill and manner of presentation. In the process of raising capital, the owner must have a good story to explain, supported by a well-built plan of business and good skill of persuasion (Wang, Tran and Nguyen 2014). Valuation of business: One of the most crucial issues in start-up is the appropriate valuation of business. This is required to raise capital from the investor. The method applied by one investor is different from other investor in the industry (Carter and Baghurst 2014). Few key aspects of valuation are as follows: The industry: The valuation typically depends on the industry to which the business is related. Every industry has their own valuation method. A biotech business business may have higher valuation than a newly started restaurant business. For example, new restaurant business may be valued at 3-4*EBITDA that is earning before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation while, an internet business with high rate of growth may valued at 5-10*EBITDA. Therefore, before approaching the investor the owner must study the valuation approach used by the recent M and A and financing transactions in the industry. Method of start-up valuation: In terms of techniques used by the investor, the investor will study the records relating to: Cash flow, revenue and net income from recent financial statement Discounted cash flow analysis or forecasted cash flow of the business (French 2014). These various ranges can be very broad and can be varied considerably within the industries. Rule of thumb: Finally, the investor will have a very good knowledge about the value of the business, and their willingness to pay. So, collect a few terms and conditions sheets from various investors, and compare and contrast valuations and other terms, and play them off each other to get the best deal. As a rule of thumb, they expect to give up 25 to 35% of their equity, in every financing of equity they invest (Lane 2013). Improve the spending and equity: It is a complicated thing. Many people start the restaurant business as they have love for food and customers. If the owner is smart enough and takes a proactive strategy, he can successfully save money for the business and can have more resources for running the business. The business can cut the expenditure in various ways. They are as follows: Involve the staffs: The owner will never be able to save money until he involves his whole team in the planning process. However, simply asking them to save money will not be effective. The staff must have clear idea about how much they are spending on wasted foods and utilities. Reward the employees: It will be a nice idea to appreciate the employees and rewarding them for meeting the objectives. If any employer is trying to cutting the cost, he must be ensured that the owner is noticing his approach and appreciating him Social media: social media is a great and cost effective method to advertise for the business. For example, face book and twitter are the great platform for marketing the product with zero cost. Cut on freebies: through cutting on freebies, the restaurant owner can save on unnecessary cost. This does not mean that they should stop giving freebies, but they should offer the freebies only when asked by the customer. This way they can avoid wasting the food. Daily inventory: Doing the inventory on daily basis will assist the owner to keep track of inventories and the staff members will not be able to take home the items secretly (Bernstein and Sheen 2016). Shareholders equity can be increased through the following ways: Increase in Paid Capital: Shareholder may contribute in capital, for example, in property and equipment, cash to a incorporated restaurant industry. Paid-in capital that are excess of the par value of shares stated in the capital part of the shareholders equity segment of the financial statement (Liu et al. 2015). Decrease in Liabilities: Equity states the offerings that the stockholders of a restaurant business contribute and their demand against the asset of the company. Stockholders equity is same to the difference between the company's total assets and total liabilities. Increase in Outstanding Shares: Ordinary stock appears in the stockholders equity section of the financial statement. When a restaurant business makes a offering for new stock, it increases company's paid-in capital as well as the number of outstanding shares (Chang et al. 2013). Cost of exit the business: Various costs are involved in exiting the business. They are: Cost of selling: if the company wishes to sell the business to third part or to any employee it involves cost such as cost of closing the business, cost of broker (Gurjar and Rathore 2013). Payments: Before closing the business the owner must pay the dues to the staffs, suppliers, any revenue expenses like electric bills, payment of rent (Chesbrough 2013). Conclusions: It is concluded from the above discussions that if the company goes for the exit strategy, it will need money to pay off the various charges. Moreover, all the future options will be closed with the exit option. Gaining further investment from the investor will also not be a easy task for any start up business as the investor always prefer to invest in established business to get certain amount of return. The only option that is open to the owner is to improve the spending and shareholders equity. Therefore, the owner should implement the strategy in a proper way to improve the spending to sustain in the business. Reference: Bernstein, S. and Sheen, A., 2016. The operational consequences of private equity buyouts: Evidence from the restaurant industry.Review of Financial Studies, p.hhw037. Bor, J., Herbst, A.J., Newell, M.L. and Brnighausen, T., 2013. Increases in adult life expectancy in rural South Africa: valuing the scale-up of HIV treatment.Science,339(6122), pp.961-965. Carter, D. and Baghurst, T., 2014. The influence of servant leadership on restaurant employee engagement.Journal of Business Ethics,124(3), pp.453-464. Chang, C., Minkler, M., Salvatore, A.L., Lee, P.T., Gaydos, M. and San Liu, S., 2013. Studying and addressing urban immigrant restaurant worker health and safety in San Franciscos Chinatown district: A CBPR case study.Journal of Urban Health,90(6), pp.1026-1040. Chesbrough, H., 2013.Open business models: How to thrive in the new innovation landscape. Harvard Business Press. French, C.C., 2014. The aftermath of catastrophes: Valuing business interruption insurance losses.St. UL Rev,461. Gurjar, Y.S. and Rathore, V.S., 2013. Cloud business intelligenceis what business need today.International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering,1(6), pp.81-86. Lane, C., 2013. Taste makers in the fine-dining restaurant industry: The attribution of aesthetic and economic value by gastronomic guides.Poetics,41(4), pp.342-365. Liu, C.R., Wu, T.C., Yeh, P.H. and Chen, S.P., 2015. Equity-based customer loyalty mode for the upscale hotelsAlternative models for leisure and business travels.Tourism Management Perspectives,16, pp.139-147. Prentice, I.C., Dong, N., Gleason, S.M., Maire, V. and Wright, I.J., 2014. Balancing the costs of carbon gain and water transport: testing a new theoretical framework for plant functional ecology.Ecology Letters,17(1), pp.82-91. Wang, L.W., Tran, T.T. and Nguyen, N.T., 2014. Analyzing Factors to Improve Service Quality of Local Specialties Restaurants: A Comparison with Fast Food Restaurants in Southern Vietnam.Asian Economic and Financial Review,4(11), p.1592. Yen, B.T., Burke, M., Ghafoor, M., Mulley, C. and Moutou, C., 2015, September. Do restaurant precincts need more parking? Differences in business perceptions and customer travel behaviour in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 37th, 2015, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Addictive Behaviour free essay sample

Behaviour â€Å"that is repetitive, that occurs at high personal and social cost, and that occurs despite knowledge of these costs is termed addictive† (Spiga, 2002, p. 510). Process addiction is an addiction to a way or process of acquiring the addictive substance. The function of addiction is to keep people out of touch of themselves (Rice, 1998). Powerlessness To be powerless is to be devoid of the strength or capacity to act. Certain feelings of powerlessness happen to a person when he or she deems that he or she cannot do or express what he or she truly wants. An example scenario of powerlessness inside the workplace would be: A maintenance personnel’s work is limited to performing cleaning and sanitation work in accordance with relevant procedures and guidelines; maintaining a clean facility; picking up trash from cans; enforcing sanitary requirements; and performing preventive maintenance on mechanical and electrical equipment. Concisely, the maintenance personnel should only ensure the cleanliness and efficiency of equipment inside the office. We will write a custom essay sample on Addictive Behaviour or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This means that he does not have an access to the electronic data files that office workers have access to. Also, he does not have access to the use of online document or gaming sources. First, the type of job that the maintenance personnel hold is considered to be on the lower level in the organizational structure of the office. This means that the power he or she has over the use of the equipment and materials in the office is very limited; he or she is deemed powerless in terms of office material usage. The limitations presented on the part of the maintenance personnel could be a high motivation for him or her to make use of the office equipment when he or she sees that nobody knows about it. The powerlessness invoked by the type of job could lead into creating a habitual stealthy use of the office equipment, particularly office computers. He or she may then intend to make use of the equipment after office hours and when nobody is present, and this habit may turn to be an addictive behaviour in the end. Powerlessness may invoke two different effects; the one as have just been laid out, and the second effect could be restorative; powerlessness, upon knowledge of this concept, may prevent the personnel’s sneaky usage of the computer by attributing powerlessness as a self-concept. Learned powerlessness becomes self-perpetuating, even if the external forces are no longer there. Because the personnel learned that powerlessness in his case meant being on the odd side of the hierarchy, he rebelled on this powerlessness, turning into an addictive behaviour. If he had knowledge of the powerlessness as a self-concept and not exactly the product of an external force, i.e. the office hierarchy, then he would be able to understand that the addictive behaviour of stealthy computer use may be prevented. There is a necessity for those with addictive behaviour to â€Å"shift their stance from one that asserts domination over the self, others, and the environment to one that accepts the reality of limitation† (Krestan, 2000, p. 15). Transference Transference pertains to a process wherein the emotions learned from earlier associations or relationships are transferred to one’s new relationship experiences. In a workplace setting, transference may happen in a simpler manner: A secretary works for her male boss. From time to time, her boss happens to shout at her because of poor business reports or disorderly meeting schedules. Every time the secretary sees her boss, she gets depressed, fearful, and clumsy that she often produces substandard reports. The depression and fear that she feels in the office is also felt in her home when she goes home. Her father is the bossy-type businessman who had always scolded her even when she was still a child. She then succumbs to the use of amphetamines in order to stir away her everyday feeling of depression. The transference happened to be the cause of depression of the secretary. She felt depressed whenever her father scolded her, and this association of her father’s scolding to her boss’s reproach completed the transference. She sees her boss to be like her father; in effect, she feels the same emotions in both setting. If she knew about the transference that happens with her association of her father with her boss, she may be able to think differently in her office and perform better. She may not surrender to the use of anti-depressants just so she could do her job properly.